Virchow biography
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Rudolph Virchow () was a German physician, anthropologist, politician and social reformer, but he is best known as the founder of the field of cellular pathology. He stressed that most of the diseases of mankind could be understood in terms of the dysfunction of cells.
The use of the word 'cell' to describe the basic unit of life was famously coined by Robert Hooke in , and Theodor Schwann had begun to elaborate his cell theory in Virchow's time, but histology was still dominated by the theories of Marie Bichat. Bichat, an 18th century French anatomist, had described 21 basic tissues in animals, but because he eschewed the use of the microscope, which he distrusted, his descriptions were necessarily at the level of gross anatomy.
Unlike Bichat, Virchow loved the microscope, and like Schwann, recognized cells to be of paramount importance. According to Virchow, \the structural composition of a body of considerable size, a so-called individual, always represents a kind of social arrangement of parts, an arrangement of a social kind, in which a number of individual existences are mutually dependent, but in such a way, that every element has its own special action,&nbs
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Rudolph Virchow (–)
Virchow was one of the 19th century’s foremost leaders in medicine and pathology. He was also a public health activist, social reformer, politician, and anthropologist.
Virchow was the only child of a farmer and city treasurer in Schivelbein, Germany. He had a strong interest in natural science. In , he received a scholarship from the Prussian Military Academy, where he was given the opportunity to study medicine in preparation for a career as an army physician. He studied medicine in Berlin and then taught there for the most of his life, with interludes in Silesia and Würzberg. In , he and a colleague, Benino Reinhardt, founded the Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie (now known as “Virchow’s Archives”), which still survives as a leading journal of pathology. He encouraged his students to use microscopes and “think microscopically.” Virchow had a major impact on medical education in Germany. He taught several persons who became famous scientists in Germany, including Edwin Klebs, Ernst Haekel, and Adolf Kussmaul. He also taught William Welch and William Osler, 2 of the 4 famous physicians who founded Johns Hopkins Hospital.
Virchow’s greatest accomplishment was his observation that a whole organism does not get sick—
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